Is it possible to create a script in Python or IronPython that automatically clicks on some widgets of an open WPF (C#) window? It would be a task that would solve my life but I have no idea where to start.
Thanks in advance.
Autoit, pyautogui, pywinauto and clicknium, all these libraries support automating WPF applications.
You may need to use tools like uispy and inspect to help you locate the control if you are using pyautogui and pywinauto.
Sample code for pywinauto looks like below:
from pywinauto.application import Application
app = Application(backend='uia').start("notepad.exe")
main = app.window(title='*Untitled - Notepad', control_type='Window')
closeBtn=main.child_window(title="Close", control_type='Button')
closeBtn.click_input()
You can install clicknium vscode extension to help you locate the control if you are using clicknium.
Sample code looks like below:
from clicknium import locator, ui
ui(locator.notepad.button_close).click()
Quick Google search revealed the following tutorial:
https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/mouse-keyboard-automation-using-python/
If you are dead set on using python or any code for that matter, a simple macro recorder may give you more faster:
https://www.macrorecorder.com/
This does not account for any deviation in the application or OS. If another popup or window is open, the script/macro will just continue happily. If you are after UI testing, you may want to look at professional UI test tools.
you can see this example, demonstrate one automation case for both desktop application and web application.
Related
Does anyone know the trick to pywinauto's find_window function? I am building an application with kivy, and trying to use pywinauto to bring an .exe to the foreground, using the following code:
SetForegroundWindow(find_window(title='program.exe'))
I simply want to identify a currently open .exe, and bring it to the foreground. I have looked here https://pywinauto.github.io/docs/code/pywinauto.findwindows.html and it seems "title=" is what I want.
Does anyone know how to point to the .exe with pywinauto?
I think title is for window title (i.e. "python - Cannot find..." in case of this tab), are you sure it not more like "process='program.exe'" ?
if it needs to be and int then its pid (process id) and you can use this to get process id by title:
import win32gui,win32process
def get_window_pid(title):
hwnd = win32gui.FindWindow(None, title)
threadid,pid = win32process.GetWindowThreadProcessId(hwnd)
return pid
Eventually have at this answer as it contains really nice class for getting windows Python Window Activation, i dont want to copy paste, but use it and then you can do:
w = WindowMgr()
w.find_window_wildcard(".*Hello.*")
w.set_foreground()
find_window is low level function I wouldn’t recommend to use.
The right thing is Application object connected to the target process. It can be used so:
from pywinauto import Application
app = Application(backend=“uia”).connect(path=“program.exe”)
app.WindowTitle.set_focus()
If you have several app instances, there is a Desktop object to walk all the windows in the system:
from pywinauto import Desktop
Desktop(backend=“win32”).window(title=“Window Title”, found_index=0).set_focus()
You referred to the old docs for version 0.5.4, the latest one is 0.6.4 with two backends available and many bug fixes. The Getting Started Guide link on the main page is a good source to learn the main concept.
I've created a few python scripts that I have to run every once in a while, but now I constantly have to type or search the location to the script in order to execute it. I have been looking for simple software to create an app with buttons, but without success. I have also seen "python?" scripts with an interface where you can select options with arrow keys, but also for this I have not found how it is done. Is there anyone who knows how I can make one of these that I can open the interface and select the script I want to execute? It would really save me a lot of time.
You can Tkinter to create the GUI, and for each button create a function that runs your python script like this:
# Create the button
button1 = Button \
(root, text='Start script1!', command=lambda: script1())
def script1():
os.system('python ~/path/to/script1.py')
def script2():
os.system('python ~/path/to/script2.py')
I recommend using PyQt because that framework is the powerful tool for building GUI on python and for running scripts from python code as system processes you can use subprocess module. I think you know how to use Google to find tutorials =) And also you can check the official page with GUI FAQ here. Thank you!
I wrote a script using pyautogui that should start an program (an IDE) and then start using it.
This is the script so far:
#! python3
# mouseNow.py - Displays the mouse cursor's current position.
import pyautogui, sys, subprocess
from time import sleep
x,y = 1100,550
subprocess.call([r'C:\...exe', arg1, arg2])
pyautogui.click(x,y)
sleep(5) # 2 sec should suffice but this is for safety
pyautogui.typewrite(my_string)
pyautogui.press('enter')
This works well but I want to be portable. The x,y values were determined by where the program prompt appears on screen after I start the program, but this is not portable, I think. Is there a way to point the mouse to the prompt without giving const parameters? something like move_mouse_to_window_of_this_process_after_starting_it()
Also, I use sleep() so I would write the data to the window after it appears, but I guess it's not a good way (some PC will run this much slower, I guess), so is there a way to know when the prompt appeared and then do the pyautogui.typewrite(my_string)?
EDIT: I found a simple solution for the move_mouse_to_window_of_this_process_after_starting_it()
:
>>> pyautogui.hotkey('alt', 'tab')
If you need portable and reliable solution, you have to find a library that supports accessibility technologies to access GUI elements by text. Basic technologies are:
Win32 API, MS UI Automation (Windows)
AT-SPI (Linux)
Apple Accessibility API (MacOS)
There are several open-source GUI automation libraries supporting some of these technologies (usually 1 or 2). Python solutions:
pywinauto on Windows (both Win32 API & MS UIA, see Getting Started Guide)
pyatspi2 on Linux
pyatom on MacOS
There is also a thread on StackOverflow regarding hard sleeps vs flexible waiting.
Enjoy! :)
The way you are interacting with the .exe excludes alternatives to coordinates or blind firing (Tab, Tab, Enter etc..).
If the application has an API, you could interact with it programatically.
If it doesn't you can only try to match the location for x screen resolutions, and this only if the GUI is used in Fullscreen/windowed Fullscreen.
I'm on OSX using Python 2.x, Selenium & Firefox
I'm automating testing a javascript webapp with Python & Selenium.
One of the links (Add File) in the application opens up a non-browser firefox window titled "File Upload" which looks like (/is?) a Finder window.
Is there a way that I could locate and control this window from my python script? I know Selenium can't do it, but I wondering if it might be possible with something like 'import applescript' and if so how?
I found atomac which allows me to control mac apps through their accessibility controls (which needed to be enabled on Mavericks for Aptana in System Preferences -> Security & Privacy -> Privacy -> Accessibility). Cool tool, but the documentation is pretty sparse. The examples provided on the page above got me to the point where I could close the window via the cancel button, but I had to review the function definitions in atomac's AXClasses.py to figure out the rest. Here's the solution.
import atomac, time
from atomac.AXKeyCodeConstants import *
# to allow me to make firefox frontmost while testing
time.sleep(5)
# get a reference to the running app
firefox = atomac.getAppRefByLocalizedName('Firefox')
# get the window of the reference
firefoxwindow = firefox.windowsR()[0]
# send key sequence to go to my home folder
firefoxwindow.sendKeyWithModifiers('h',[COMMAND,SHIFT])
# send key sequence to select first file there
firefoxwindow.sendKeyWithModifiers('a',[COMMAND])
# press the now active Open button
openbutton = firefoxwindow.buttons('Open')[0]
openbutton.Press()
It's theoretically possible, but really awkward. I'll give you a bunch of links--not ideal, I know, but you could write a book on this.
You'd need to start by enabling AppleScript control of the GUI. Then you'll want to read up on how to control the GUI from within Applescript. However, you wanted to use Python and not AppleScript, so then you'll need to install PyObjC, which is a Python to Cocoa bridge. You'd need to use the Scripting Bridge framework and figure out (from the extremely thin documentation) how to translate the AppleScript docs to Python.
I'm looking for a Python 3.x library that is able to allow interaction with other programs.
For example, I already have some sort of command-line interface which I have developed in python, and I
want to be able to enter, say "1", and have another program open. From here, I wish to hit another
input like "2" and have it manipulate the GUI that opens (for example, for it to "click" the Configurations
dropdown bar and select an option, perhaps modify a few settings, apply, and then possibly also automatically
enter some text). The reason I'm doing this is for test automation.
I've already tried using pywinauto, but I've found it to not be compatible for Python 3! :(
Is there another possible approach to this? Thanks in advance!!!
P.S. I may have forgotten to mention that I'm using Windows 7 but with Python32
You could look into sikuli. It lets you automate clicks and other actions based on region or matched graphic. Fairly smart. Is there a reason you're dead set on using py3?
Py3-compatible pywinauto released! New home page: http://pywinauto.github.io/
P.S. I'm maintainer of pywinauto.
Late answer, but have a look at pyautogui which enables you to move the mouse and press keys. I used it for the following snippet which launches an emulator and presses keys.
import pyautogui as pg
import os
import time
game_filepath = "../games/BalloonFight.zip"
os.system(f"fceux {game_filepath} &")
time.sleep(1)
keys_to_press = ['s', 's', 'enter']
for key_to_press in keys_to_press:
pg.keyDown(key_to_press)
pg.keyUp(key_to_press)
time.sleep(2)
im = pg.screenshot("./test.png", region=(0,0, 300, 400))
print(im)
A more detailed expalanation can be found here: Reinforcement learning to play Nintendo NES games
I created a pywinauto fork on GitHub that's compatible with Python 3:
https://github.com/Usonaki/sendkeys-py-si-python3
I only did basic testing, so there might still be some circular import related problems that I haven't found.