Python TKinter Set absolute Label size - python

I am looking to set the Label Widget width to an exact value - width=100 should be 100 pixels.
Is there a way to achieve this or should I be looking at using a different widget?
When using the TKinter Label, the width and height parameters refer to the text size - height=2 will set the label large enough for two lines of text, not 2 pixels as I would expect.

I believe this post might help with your issue if you absolutely need a solution to do sizes pixel-perfect on your widget.
There is however no easy way to do it straight on the widget itself.
Specify the dimensions of a Tkinter text box in pixels

You can assign a blank image to the label, then you can specify width option in pixels:
import tkinter as tk
root = tk.Tk()
blank = tk.PhotoImage()
tk.Label(root, image=blank, text="Hello", width=200, height=50, compound="c", bg="yellow", bd=0, padx=0).pack(padx=100, pady=10)
tk.Label(root, image=blank, text="World", width=200, height=30, compound="c", bg="cyan", bd=0, padx=0).pack(padx=100, pady=10)
root.mainloop()
Result:

Related

How is my Tkinter widget requesting more width than is available?

I am using Tkinter to code a GUI and I am running into a strange issue. I have specified my Root widget to be about 1/3rd of the screen width. However, when I create a Text widget within the root and specify its width to be the same value, it somehow takes more space than the available screen width. I know this because I resized the window and checked and also because title.winfo_reqscreen_width() is outputting 4130. That does not make sense since my screen resolution is 1440x900.
Here is the code I am using:
from tkinter import *
root = Tk()
app_width = int(root.winfo_screenwidth()/3.5)
root.geometry(f"{app_width}x{app_height}+0+0")
root.resizable(False, False)
root.pack_propagate(0)
title = Text(root, height=1, width=app_width, padx=10, pady=10, font=('NewComputerModern08', 18))
title.insert('1.0', 'Title')
title.bind("<Leave>", leave)
#title.grid(column=0, row=0, padx=5, pady=5)
title.pack()
I have also tried variations with pack_propagate(), grid(), fill=X, fill=BOTH, expand=True, and not adding a width argument to the widget etc. However, I am still facing the same issue.
The width parameter of a Text widget (and Entry and Label) is used to specify the width in characters not pixels. 1440/3.5 is 380, so you're requesting that the window be 380 characters wide. On my machine the default font is 7 pixels or so, which would result in a window of around 2,660 pixels.

tk.Label with image not resizing correctly

I have the following tkinter example:
from PIL import Image, ImageTk
import tkinter as tk
root = tk.Toplevel()
container_frame = tk.Frame(master=root)
container_frame.pack(side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True)
top_frame = tk.Frame(container_frame, background='red')
middle_frame = tk.Frame(container_frame, background='green')
bottom_frame = tk.Frame(container_frame, background='blue')
top_frame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='NSEW')
middle_frame.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky='NSEW')
bottom_frame.grid(row=2, column=0, sticky='NSEW')
container_frame.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
container_frame.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1, uniform='container_frame')
container_frame.grid_rowconfigure(1, weight=7, uniform='container_frame')
container_frame.grid_rowconfigure(2, weight=2, uniform='container_frame')
image = Image.open('some_image.png')
photo_image = ImageTk.PhotoImage(image)
label = tk.Label(top_frame, image=photo_image, background='yellow', anchor='w')
label.image = photo_image
label.pack(expand=1, side='left')
root.geometry('1280x720')
root.mainloop()
Unfortunately the image within the label has not been shrunk to fit the top_frame correctly. Why is this?
Furthermore, when I adjust the size of the window the label (and thus image) is not resized at all. Again, why is this?
Thanks for any help.
Unfortunately the image within the label has not been shrunk to fit the top_frame correctly. Why is this?
It is because that is not how tkinter works. It will not automatically grow and shrink images for you. It will grow and shrink the label, but not the image inside. You will have to write code to do that using an external library such as Pillow.
Furthermore, when I adjust the size of the window the label (and thus image) is not resized at all. Again, why is this?
As I wrote earlier, the image will never change. As for why the label doesn't change, it's because you've configured it not to change.
Consider this line of code:
label.pack(expand=1, side='left')
The expand option says that any extra space is given to the label, which tkinter does. However, by leaving the fill option as the default value, you've instructed tkinter to not expand the label to fill the space allocated to it.
If you want the label to grow, add fill='both'.

Tkinter frame problem : resizing does not work

I want to be able to use nested frames but there is a weird behavior : when I enter the height and width parameters they seem to not work. I use .grid() Is that what is causing the problem ? I use ttk Frame, is there some behavior I do not know about ?
I looked at the documentation but nothing seemed to be helping. I tried changing the parameters but I didn't help either.
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk
root = Tk()
root.title("Tk test")
root.geometry("800x800")
frame_1 = ttk.Frame(root, height=400, width=400, relief="sunken")\
frame_1.grid(row=0, column=0, rowspan=1, columnspan=1)
frame_2 = ttk.Frame(frame_1, height=200, width=200, relief="sunken")\
frame_2.grid(row=0, column=0, rowspan=1, columnspan=1, sticky="N, S, W, E")
label_1 = ttk.Label(frame_2, text="Text")
label_1.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="S, W, N, E")
root.mainloop()
Expected result : there is a sunken frame inside another sunken frame. Inside the nested frame there is a label named "Text"
Actual result : The label is always in the upper left corner and does not want to move.
You can give cells on a grid a minimum size using the grid_columnconfigure() and grid_rowconfigure methods, as documented here.
Applied to your code (along with other corrections & improvements):
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
root = tk.Tk()
root.title("Tk test")
root.geometry("800x800")
frame_1 = ttk.Frame(root, height=400, width=400, relief="sunken")
frame_1.grid(row=0, column=0)
frame_2 = ttk.Frame(frame_1, height=200, width=200, relief="sunken")
frame_2.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="NSWE")
frame_2.grid_rowconfigure(0, minsize=200)
frame_2.grid_columnconfigure(0, minsize=200)
label_1 = ttk.Label(frame_2, text="Text")
label_1.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="NW")
root.mainloop()
Since the grid manager doesn't know how many rows and columns there are to be on the main window, it doesn't allot the frames with the defined height and width.
If you add padding to each frame, you will see that the Text widget in not the upper left corner. But the Text widget will always be in the upper left corner as it has been placed on the 0th row and column.
Also, use rowconfigure and columnconfigure to ensure that the frames take the space specified by you on the main window.

Change font size without messing with Tkinter button size

I am having trouble changing the font size of a button in Tkinter, when I attempt to do it the button also expands/contracts based on the size of the text. Is there a way I can alter the text size with the button's size anchored in place?
I ran across this while designing a tic-tac-toe application, however to save you the trouble, here is a very minimal example of the problem in practice:
import Tkinter as tk
MyWindow = tk.Tk()
MyWindow.geometry("500x550")
button = tk.Button(MyWindow,text="Hello!",width=17,height=10,font=('Helvetica', '20'))
button.grid(row=1, column=1)
MyWindow.mainloop()
The most important part here is font=('Helvetica', '15') or more specifically, the number 15. If you change that number and run this again, not only will the text be bigger/smaller, but so will the button! How do I get around this?
It's probably a really simple problem. I've just gotten started with Tkinter. Thanks in advance for any help I receive!
Typically, when you give a button a width, that width is measured in characters (ie: width=1 means the width of one average sized character). However, if the button has an image then the width specifies a size in pixels.
A button can contain both an image and text, so one strategy is to put a 1x1 pixel as an image so that you can specify the button size in pixels. When you do that and you change the font size, the button will not grow since it was given an absolute size.
Here is an example that illustrates the technique. Run the code, then click on "bigger" or "smaller" to see that the text changes size but the button does not.
import Tkinter as tk
import tkFont
def bigger():
size = font.cget("size")
font.configure(size=size+2)
def smaller():
size = font.cget("size")
size = max(2, size-2)
font.configure(size=size)
root = tk.Tk()
font = tkFont.Font(family="Helvetica", size=12)
toolbar = tk.Frame(root)
container = tk.Frame(root)
toolbar.pack(side="top", fill="x")
container.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand=True)
bigger = tk.Button(toolbar, text="Bigger", command=bigger)
smaller = tk.Button(toolbar, text="Smaller", command=smaller)
bigger.pack(side="left")
smaller.pack(side="left")
pixel = tk.PhotoImage(width=1, height=1)
for row in range(3):
container.grid_rowconfigure(row, weight=1)
for column in range(3):
container.grid_columnconfigure(column, weight=1)
button = tk.Button(container, font=font, text="x",
image=pixel, compound="center", width=20, height=20)
button.grid(row=row, column=column)
root.mainloop()
All of that being said, there is almost never a time when this is a good idea. If the user wants a larger font, the whole UI should adapt. Tkinter is really good at making that happen, to the point where it all mostly works by default.
The width of the button is defined in units of character width. In your case the button is defined to be 17 characters wide. So changing the character width by (ie changing the font size) changes the width of the button. AFAIK, the only way around that is to put the button into a Frame, because a Frame can define it's size in pixels. Here's a new kind of Button that does exactly that:
import Tkinter as tk
class Warspyking(tk.Frame):
'''A button that has it's width and height set in pixels'''
def __init__(self, master=None, **kwargs):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.rowconfigure(0, minsize=kwargs.pop('height', None))
self.columnconfigure(0, minsize=kwargs.pop('width', None))
self.btn = tk.Button(self, **kwargs)
self.btn.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")
self.config = self.btn.config
#example usage:
MyWindow = tk.Tk()
MyWindow.geometry("500x550")
from itertools import cycle
fonts = cycle((('Helvetica', '11'),('Helvetica', '15'),('Helvetica', '20')))
def chg():
button.config(font=next(fonts))
button = Warspyking(MyWindow,text="Click me!",width=200,height=100 ,font=next(fonts), command=chg)
button.grid(row=1, column=1)
MyWindow.mainloop()
EDIT: Based on what I learned from Bryan Oakley, here's a much neater implementation:
class Warspyking(tk.Button):
def __init__(self, master=None, **kwargs):
self.img = tk.PhotoImage()
tk.Button.__init__(self, master, image=self.img, compound='center', **kwargs)
I should also add that I very much agree with Bryan: Using this is probably a sign that you are doing something wrong. You should let tkinter handle sizing.
I found solution of this problem. I was trying to solve a similar problem: I want to put image on label. I set the image size equal to label size. When I have been trying to put it with command label.config(image=img) the label size grow. The image have the size I set to it, so it didn't cover label completely. I was using grid manager. All size were not entered in advanced but calculated by Tkinter. I was using grid_columnconfigure and grid_rowconfigure. The solution I found is to put this label with image (or button in Your case) to LabelFrame and set grid_propagate to False.
Code example:
MyWindow = tk.Tk()
MyWindow.geometry("500x550")
#create LabelFrame (200x200)
label = tk.LabelFrame(MyWindow, width=200, height=200)
#grid manager to set label localization
labelk.grid(row=0, column=0)
#label row and column configure: first argument is col or row id
label.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
label.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
#cancel propagation
label.grid_propagate(False)
#Create button and set it localization. You can change it font without changing size of button, but if You set too big not whole will be visible
button = t.Button(label, text="Hello!", font=('Helvetica', '20'))
#Use sticky to button took up the whole label area
button.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='nesw')
MyWindow.mainloop()
Result for font size 40 and 20:
Example for creating button with dynamic size by grid manager:
MyWindow = tk.Tk()
MyWindow.geometry("500x550")
#Divide frame on 3x3 regions
for col in range(3):
MyWindow.grid_columnconfigure(col, weight=1)
for row in range(3):
MyWindow.grid_rowconfigure(row, weight=1)
label = tk.LabelFrame(MyWindow)
#Put label in the middle
label.grid(row=1, column=1, sticky='nesw')
label.grid_propagate(False)
label.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
label.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
button = tk.Button(label, text="Hello!", font=('Helvetica', '30'))
button.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='nesw')
MyWindow.mainloop()
It is late answer, but maybe it will help someone.

Why configuring width of Frame shows differences from Label's?

(windows 7, python 2.7.3)
Here is my code:
from Tkinter import *
root = Tk()
root.geometry('400x400')
Frame(root, width=20, height=20, bg='red').pack(expand=NO, fill=None, side=LEFT)
Label(root, width=20, height=20, bg='black').pack(expand=NO, fill=None, side=LEFT)
root.mainloop()
And the result is like this:
I set same width and height to the Frame and Label, but they show different size. What's more, the Label is even not a square.Please explain it for me, and show me the way to make them same size.
Short answer:
20 is the same as 20, but 20 meters is not the same as 20 kilometers.
Long answer:
The result you got is not as weird as you may think because the width and height options of Tkinter.Frame() are measured in terms of pixels whereas in Tkinter.Label():
width: defines the width of the label in characters
height: defines the height of the label in lines
Reference.
As I know Label is used for text. Label() definition and Frame() might work differently for width and height parameters, correct me if am wrong.
example:
change width and height inside Label() to 1. you will see space for one character filled with black color in tk window.
like
Label(root, width=1, height=1, bg='black').pack(expand=NO, fill=None, side=LEFT)

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