Develop Reference

Removing excel sheet with openpyxl raise error when I open the file

I tested the openpyxl .remove() function and it's working on multiple empty file.
Problem: I have a more complex Excel file with multiple sheet that I need to remove. If I remove one or two it works, when I try to remove three or more, Excel raise an error when I open the file.
Sorry, we have troubles getting info in file bla bla.....
logs talking about pictures troubles
logs about error105960_01.xml ?
The strange thing is that it's talking about pictures trouble but I don't have this error if I don't remove 3 or more sheet. And I don't try to remove sheet with images !
Even more strange, It's always about the number, every file can be deleted without trouble but if I remove 3 or more, Excel yell at me.
The thing is that, it's ok when Excel "repair" the "error" but sometimes, excel reinitialize the format of the sheets (size of cell, bold and length of the characters, etc...) and everything fail :(
bad visual that I want to avoid
If someone have an idea, i'm running out of creativity !
For the code, I only use basic functions (simplify here but it would be long to present more...).
INPUT_EXCEL_PATH = "my_excel.xlsx"
OUTPUT_EXCEL_PATH = "new_excel.xlsx"
wb = openpyxl.load_workbook(INPUT_EXCEL_PATH)
ws = wb["sheet1"]
wb.remove(ws)
ws = wb["sheet2"]
wb.remove(ws)
ws = wb["sheet3"]
wb.remove(ws)
wb.save(OUTPUT_EXCEL_PATH)

In my case it was some left over empty CalculationChainPart. I used DocxToSource to investigate the corrupted file. Excel will attempt to fix the file on load. Save this file and compare it's structure to the original file. To delete descendant parts you can use the DeletePart() method.
using (SpreadsheetDocument doc = SpreadsheetDocument .Open(document, true)) {
MainDocumentPart mainPart = doc.MainDocumentPart;
if (mainPart.DocumentSettingsPart != null) {
mainPart.DeletePart(mainPart.DocumentSettingsPart);
}
}
CalculationChainPart can be also removed anytime.
While calculation chain information can be loaded by a spreadsheet application, it is not required. A calculation chain can be constructed in memory at load-time (source)

How do I write a hyperlink to a CSV File using python? [duplicate]

Can Excel interpret the URLs in my CSV as hyperlinks? If so, how?

You can actually do this and have Excel show a clickable link. Use this format in the CSV file:
=HYPERLINK("URL")
So the CSV would look like:
1,23.4,=HYPERLINK("http://www.google.com")
However, I'm trying to get some links with commas in them to work properly and it doesn't look like there's a way to escape them and still have Excel make the link clickable.
Does anyone know how?

With embedding the hyperlink function you need to watch the quotes. Below is an example of a CSV file created that lists an error and a link to view the documentation on the method that failed. (Bit esoteric but that's what I am working on)
"Details","Failing Method (click to view)"
"Method failed","=HYPERLINK(""http://some_url_with_documentation"",""Method_name"")"

I read all of these answers and some others but it still took a while to work it out in Excel 2014.
The result in the csv should look like this
"=HYPERLINK(""http://www.Google.com"",""Google"")"
Note: If you are trying to set this from MSSQL server then
'"=HYPERLINK(""http://www.' + baseurl + '.com"",""' + baseurl + '"")"' AS url

you can URL Encode your commas inside the URL so the URL is not split across multiple cells.
Just replace commas with %2c
http://www.xyz.com/file,comma.pdf
becomes
=hyperlink("http://www.xyz.com/file%2ccomma.pdf")

Yes, but it's not possible to link them automatically. CSV files are just text files - whatever opens and reads them is responsible for allowing you to click the link.
As to how Excel seems to handle CSV files - everything between commas is interpreted as if it already had been typed into the cell. Therefore, the CSV file containing ="http://google.com",=A1 will display as http://google.com,http://google.com in Excel. It's important to note, however, that hyperlinks in Excel are metadata, and not the result of anything in the actual cell (ie, a hyperlinked cell to Google still contains http://google.com not <a>http://google.com</a> or anything of that sort.)
Since that's the case, and all metadata is lost when converting to a CSV, it's impossible to tell Excel you wish for something to be hyperlinked merely by changing the cell value. Normally, Excel interprets your input when you hit 'Enter' and links URLs then, but since CSV data is not being entered, but rather already exists, this does not happen.
Your best bet is to write some sort of addon or macro to run when you open up a CSV which parses every cell and hyperlinks them if they match a URL format.

Use this format:
=HYPERLINK(""<URL>"";""<LABEL>"")
e.g.:
=HYPERLINK(""http://stackoverflow.com"";""I love stackoverflow!"")
P.S. The same format works in LibreOffice Calc as well.

"=HYPERLINK(\"\" " + "http://www.mywebsite.com"+ "\"\")"
use this format before writing to CSV.

As described above, "=HYPERLINK(""http://www.google.com"", ""Google"")" is what worked for me.
However, In Excel Version 2204 Click to Run, I couldn't have leading white space.
For example;
FirstName, "=HYPERLINK(""http://www.google.com"", ""Google"")" fails
FirstName,"=HYPERLINK(""http://www.google.com"", ""Google"")" success

The issue here for me was that because a .CSV by it's nature is Comma separated, any commas in the text file are interpreted as separators. It worked for me by using tab characters as separators, saving it as a .TXT file so that when opened in EXCEL you choose the TAB character rather than ','.
In the text file …
## ensure that the file is TAB separated
Item 1 A file Name data.txt
Item 2 Col 2 =HYPERLINK("http:\www.ilexuk.com","ILEX")
"ILEX" then is shown in the cell and "http:\www.ilexuk.com" is the hyperlink for the cell.

Links break when copying Excel sheets with win32com

I am trying to use win32com to copy a worksheet from my workbook to a new workbook. The code is working fine but the cell formulas in the new book point back to the original book. I would like to break the links in the new book so that these formulas are replaced with raw numbers. This is trivial to do in Excel but I haven't been able to find out how to do it using the win32com client in Python.
Here is a snippet of my code:
import win32com.client
xl = win32com.client.gencache.EnsureDispatch('Excel.Application')
xl.Visible = True
#Open & Refresh Spreadsheet
wb = xl.Workbooks.Open(r"C:\Users\me\dummy.xlsx") #Dummy path
print("Refreshing data...")
wb.RefreshAll()
#Create new book and copy target sheet over
print("Opening new workbook")
nwb = xl.Workbooks.Add()
newfile = r"C:\Users\me\dummy2.xlsx"
wb.Worksheets(["Target Sheet"]).Copy(Before=nwb.Worksheets(1))
nwb.SaveAs(newfile)
This code works fine but in the saved "dummy2" file each of the cells containing formulas reference the original sheet. How can I break the links in the new book and/or copy values only from the original book?

Edit in response to #martineau 's downvote of the answer and of the (admittedly unsatisfactory) Microsoft documentation.
I think you haven't been able to find out how to do this because you have been looking in the wrong place. Your question really has little to do with Python or with win32com.
This line
xl = win32com.client.gencache.EnsureDispatch('Excel.Application')
fires up a COM client called xl that talks to excel.exe. Your variable xl is a thin Python wrapper around a Microsoft COM object that can call Excel VBA functions. When you type xl., everything after the dot is expected to be a VBA object or method. Any value (other than strings and floats) that you get back from a call is a VBA object in a thin Python wrapper. Python conventions do not necessarily apply to such objects.
So to find out about what functions you need to call, you need to be looking at the Excel VBA documentation. One difficulty with that documentation is that it assumes you are writing VBA, not Python. The other is that it isn't all that well-written.
The VBA method you need is Workbook.BreakLink().
Call it after copying the original workbook and before saving the copy, like this (I'm using your dummy filename here, don't expect it to actually work without fixing that):
wb.Worksheets(["Target Sheet"]).Copy(Before=nwb.Worksheets(1))
nwb.BreakLink(Name=r"C:\Users\me\dummy.xlsx", Type=1)
nwb.SaveAs(newfile)
The name of the link is the filename it points to, and the type of the link is 1 (for a link to an Excel spreadsheet). In this case you know the name of the link source (since you just made a copy of it) so there is no need to ask what the filename is, but in the general case you need to call Workbook.LinkSources() to find out what they are, and break them one by one.

Extracting GIF image from URL in Python (Only returns string?)

Firstly, there are plenty of related questions about extracting GIFs from a URL, but majority of them are in different languages to Python. Secondly, a google search provides many examples of how to do this using requests and a parser, like lxml or beautifulsoup. However, my problem is specific to this URL I think, and I cannot quite figure out why the image in question does not have a specific url attached to it ( http://cactus.nci.nih.gov/chemical/structure/3-Methylamino-1-%28thien-2-yl%29-propane-1-ol/image)
This is what I have tried
molecule_name = "3-Methylamino-1-(thien-2-yl)-propane-1-ol"
molecule = urllib.pathname2url(molecule_name)
response = requests.get("http://cactus.nci.nih.gov/chemical/structure/"+ molecule+"/image")
response.encoding = 'ISO-8859-1'
print type(response.content)
and I just get back a string that says GIF87au. I know it is something to do with GIF being in binary etc. But I cant quite work out how to donwload that GIF file in that particular page using the script.
Furthermore, if I do manage to download the GIF file, what are the best modules to use, to make tables (csv or excel style) with GIF files embedded in the last column for example?

As far as I can tell your code is working for me.
molecule_name = "3-Methylamino-1-(thien-2-yl)-propane-1-ol"
molecule = urllib.pathname2url(molecule_name)
response = requests.get("http://cactus.nci.nih.gov/chemical/structure/"+molecule+"/image")
response.encoding = 'ISO-8859-1'
print len(response.content)
It outputs "1080".
As for second task in hand ... putting it into document. I would use xlsxwriter like this:
import xlsxwriter
# Create an new Excel file and add a worksheet.
workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook('molecules.xlsx')
worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet()
# Input data
worksheet.write(0, 0, "My molecule") # A1 == 0, 0
worksheet.insert_image('B1', 'molecule1234.png')
workbook.close()
See http://xlsxwriter.readthedocs.org/index.html
You will have to convert that .gif into .png, because as of now xlsxwriter does not support gifs (as jmcnamara pointed out). Here you can look how to do that using PIL - How to change gif file to png file using python pil.
You can display the gif using many various methods. I would just save it to file and used some other software. If you want to view them programmatically, you can use for instance Tkinter as used here Play Animations in GIF with Tkinter.

Get formula from Excel cell with python xlrd

I have to port an algorithm from an Excel sheet to python code but I have to reverse engineer the algorithm from the Excel file.
The Excel sheet is quite complicated, it contains many cells in which there are formulas that refer to other cells (that can also contains a formula or a constant).
My idea is to analyze with a python script the sheet building a sort of table of dependencies between cells, that is:
A1 depends on B4,C5,E7 formula: "=sqrt(B4)+C5*E7"
A2 depends on B5,C6 formula: "=sin(B5)*C6"
...
The xlrd python module allows to read an XLS workbook but at the moment I can access to the value of a cell, not the formula.
For example, with the following code I can get simply the value of a cell:
import xlrd
#open the .xls file
xlsname="test.xls"
book = xlrd.open_workbook(xlsname)
#build a dictionary of the names->sheets of the book
sd={}
for s in book.sheets():
sd[s.name]=s
#obtain Sheet "Foglio 1" from sheet names dictionary
sheet=sd["Foglio 1"]
#print value of the cell J141
print sheet.cell(142,9)
Anyway, It seems to have no way to get the formul from the Cell object returned by the .cell(...) method.
In documentation they say that it is possible to get a string version of the formula (in english because there is no information about function name translation stored in the Excel file). They speak about formulas (expressions) in the Name and Operand classes, anyway I cannot understand how to get the instances of these classes by the Cell class instance that must contains them.
Could you suggest a code snippet that gets the formula text from a cell?

[Dis]claimer: I'm the author/maintainer of xlrd.
The documentation references to formula text are about "name" formulas; read the section "Named references, constants, formulas, and macros" near the start of the docs. These formulas are associated sheet-wide or book-wide to a name; they are not associated with individual cells. Examples: PI maps to =22/7, SALES maps to =Mktng!$A$2:$Z$99. The name-formula decompiler was written to support inspection of the simpler and/or commonly found usages of defined names.
Formulas in general are of several kinds: cell, shared, and array (all associated with a cell, directly or indirectly), name, data validation, and conditional formatting.
Decompiling general formulas from bytecode to text is a "work-in-progress", slowly. Note that supposing it were available, you would then need to parse the text formula to extract the cell references. Parsing Excel formulas correctly is not an easy job; as with HTML, using regexes looks easy but doesn't work. It would be better to extract the references directly from the formula bytecode.
Also note that cell-based formulas can refer to names, and name formulas can refer both to cells and to other names. So it would be necessary to extract both cell and name references from both cell-based and name formulas. It may be useful to you to have info on shared formulas available; otherwise having parsed the following:
B2 =A2
B3 =A3+B2
B4 =A4+B3
B5 =A5+B4
...
B60 =A60+B59
you would need to deduce the similarity between the B3:B60 formulas yourself.
In any case, none of the above is likely to be available any time soon -- xlrd priorities lie elsewhere.

Update: I have gone and implemented a little library to do exactly what you describe: extracting the cells & dependencies from an Excel spreadsheet and converting them to python code. Code is on github, patches welcome :)
Just to add that you can always interact with excel using win32com (not very fast but it works). This does allow you to get the formula. A tutorial can be found here [cached copy] and details can be found in this chapter [cached copy].
Essentially you just do:
app.ActiveWorkbook.ActiveSheet.Cells(r,c).Formula
As for building a table of cell dependencies, a tricky thing is parsing the excel expressions. If I remember correctly the Trace code you mentioned does not always do this correctly. The best I have seen is the algorithm by E. W. Bachtal, of which a python implementation is available which works well.

So I know this is a very old post, but I found a decent way of getting the formulas from all the sheets in a workbook as well as having the newly created workbook retain all the formatting.
First step is to save a copy of your .xlsx file as .xls
-- Use the .xls as the filename in the code below
Using Python 2.7
from lxml import etree
from StringIO import StringIO
import xlsxwriter
import subprocess
from xlrd import open_workbook
from xlutils.copy import copy
from xlsxwriter.utility import xl_cell_to_rowcol
import os
file_name = '<YOUR-FILE-HERE>'
dir_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(file_name))
subprocess.call(["unzip",str(file_name+"x"),"-d","file_xml"])
xml_sheet_names = dict()
with open_workbook(file_name,formatting_info=True) as rb:
wb = copy(rb)
workbook_names_list = rb.sheet_names()
for i,name in enumerate(workbook_names_list):
xml_sheet_names[name] = "sheet"+str(i+1)
sheet_formulas = dict()
for i, k in enumerate(workbook_names_list):
xmlFile = os.path.join(dir_path,"file_xml/xl/worksheets/{}.xml".format(xml_sheet_names[k]))
with open(xmlFile) as f:
xml = f.read()
tree = etree.parse(StringIO(xml))
context = etree.iterparse(StringIO(xml))
sheet_formulas[k] = dict()
for _, elem in context:
if elem.tag.split("}")[1]=='f':
cell_key = elem.getparent().get(key="r")
cell_formula = elem.text
sheet_formulas[k][cell_key] = str("="+cell_formula)
sheet_formulas
Structure of Dictionary 'sheet_formulas'
{'Worksheet_Name': {'A1_cell_reference':'cell_formula'}}
Example results:
{u'CY16': {'A1': '=Data!B5',
'B1': '=Data!B1',
'B10': '=IFERROR(Data!B12,"")',
'B11': '=IFERROR(SUM(B9:B10),"")',

It seems that it is impossible now to do what you want with xlrd. You can have a look at this post for the detailed description of why it is so difficult to implement the functionality you need.
Note that the developping team does a great job for support at the python-excel google group.

I know this post is a little late but there's one suggestion that hasn't been covered here. Cut all the entries from the worksheet and paste using paste special (OpenOffice). This will convert the formulas to numbers so there's no need for additional programming and this is a reasonable solution for small workbooks.

Ye! With win32com it's works for me.
import win32com.client
Excel = win32com.client.Dispatch("Excel.Application")
# python -m pip install pywin32
file=r'path Excel file'
wb = Excel.Workbooks.Open(file)
sheet = wb.ActiveSheet
#Get value
val = sheet.Cells(1,1).value
# Get Formula
sheet.Cells(6,2).Formula