Develop Reference

Error 500 when requesting Datadog logs by Python Requests

I have the following curl command which works fine:
curl -X POST -H 'content-type: application/json' -H "DD-API-KEY: ${api_key}" -H "DD-APPLICATION-KEY: ${app_key}" \
-d '{
"query": "service:my_service",
"time": {
"from": "2019-11-28T00:00:00Z",
"to": "2019-11-28T16:00:00Z"
},
"sort": "asc",
"limit": 1000
}' "https://api.datadoghq.com/api/v1/logs-queries/list" -o output3.json5
Then I convert this requests to Python Requests, and the curl method works but Python returns a 500 error without any details.
import requests
def main():
headers = {
'content-type': 'application/json',
'DD-API-KEY': 'AAA',
'DD-APPLICATION-KEY': 'XXX',
}
data = {
"query": "service:my_service",
"time": {
"from": "now - 1h",
"to": "now"
},
"sort": "asc",
"limit": 50
}
response=requests.post("https://api.datadoghq.com/api/v1/logs-queries/list",headers=headers, data=data)
I tried it outside my Docker guessing that maybe connection was the key, but it doesn't work either.

Point both of those at a service like httpbin to see how they differ.
Requests' data option for POST requests generates form-encoded data by default, while curl passes the JSON string through directly. You can manually encode your payload as a JSON string:
import json
response = requests.post(..., data=json.dumps(data))
# ^^^^^^^^^^
or if you have Requests version 2.4.2 or later you can use the json parameter to have your dict converted to JSON automatically:
response = requests.post(..., json=data)
# ^^^^

Looking to send Python API request using cURL

I am looking to send a POST request using Python to the OANDA API to open an order. They do not have a Python wrapper and use cURL, so I have had to try and convert from cURL to Python. I have done so using https://curl.trillworks.com/ -- but converting this next one does not work.
You can view the OANDA API documentation here, under the first Green POST tab - http://developer.oanda.com/rest-live-v20/order-ep/
Here is what I am working with. This first block specifies the order details. In this case, a market order in the EUR_USD instrument with a quantity of 100 units and a time in force equalling "fill or kill" :
body=$(cat << EOF
{
"order": {
"units": "100",
"instrument": "EUR_USD",
"timeInForce": "FOK",
"type": "MARKET",
"positionFill": "DEFAULT"
}
}
EOF
)
curl \
-X POST \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer SECRET TOKEN" \
-d "$body" \
"https://api-fxpractice.oanda.com/v3/accounts/{ACCOUNT-NUMBER}/orders"
Converted into Python:
import requests
headers = {
'Content-Type': 'application/json',
'Authorization': 'Bearer SECRET TOKEN',
}
data = '$body'
response = requests.post('https://api-fxpractice.oanda.com/v3/accounts/{ACCOUNT-NUMBER}/orders', headers=headers, data=data)
As you can see, I believe there is a formatting error somewhere in the "body=$" portion, but I am not entirely sure. I simply get a 400 error, "invalid values."

If you're sending data in JSON format, you should pass them into json argument instead of data (explanation, method).
import requests
headers = {
# 'Content-Type': 'application/json', # will be set automatically
'Authorization': 'Bearer SECRET TOKEN',
}
body = {
"order": {
"units": "100",
"instrument": "EUR_USD",
"timeInForce": "FOK",
"type": "MARKET",
"positionFill": "DEFAULT"
}
}
response = requests.post('https://api-fxpractice.oanda.com/v3/accounts/{ACCOUNT-NUMBER}/orders',
headers=headers, json=body)

Using python requests to POST data with file

I have the following working curl
curl -v -i -H "Content-Type:multipart/form-data" -H "X-Authorization: 12345" -F "file0=#/path/to/image.jpg" -d 'jsonData={ "data": { "field1": 1, "field2": 2 } }' -X POST http://example.com/url/path
I am trying to make the exact same request in python and came up with the following
headers = {
'Content-Type': 'multipart/form-data',
'X-Authorization': '12345',
}
files = {
'file0': ('/path/to/image.jpg',
open('/path/to/image.jpg', 'rb')),
}
file_post = requests.post('http://example.com/url/path',
headers=headers,
files=files,
data={
"jsonData": {
"data": {
"field1": 1,
"field2": 2,
}
}
})
The problem is that I'm getting a different response for curl and for python. Are these requests not equivalent or should I be looking somewhere else?

You can't just pass in a Python dictionary without encoding it to JSON. Your curl post has JSON-encoded data for the jsonData form field, so your Python code needs to provide the same:
import json
headers = {'X-Authorization': '12345'}
files = {
'file0': ('/path/to/image.jpg',
open('/path/to/image.jpg', 'rb')),
}
file_post = requests.post(
'http://example.com/url/path',
headers=headers,
files=files,
data={
"jsonData": json.dumps({
"data": {
"field1": 1,
"field2": 2,
}
})
})
By passing in a dictionary to data, each value that is an iterable, is seen as a sequence of separate values (so {'data': ['foo', 'bar']} is translated to data=foo&data=bar). You passed in a dictionary for the jsonData key, which is an iterable and thus treated a a sequence of values. Ultimately you only posted jsonData=data, nothing else.
By using a (JSON encoded) single value, you tell requests to pass that value directly, as the value for the jsonData key.
Using the files keyword argument triggers the right Content-Type header as well, it doesn't need setting manually.

Python Post call throwing 400 Bad Request

I am writing a python script which will call a REST POST endpoint but in response I am getting 400 Bad Request where as if I do same request with curl, it returns me 200 OK. Code snippet for python script is below
import httplib,urllib
def printText(txt):
lines = txt.split('\n')
for line in lines:
print line.strip()
httpServ = httplib.HTTPConnection("127.0.0.1", 9100)
httpServ.connect()
params = urllib.urlencode({"externalId": "801411","name": "RD Core","description": "Tenant create","subscriptionType": "MINIMAL","features": {"capture":False,"correspondence": True,"vault": False}})
headers = {"Content-type": "application/json"}
httpServ.request("POST", "/tenants", params, headers)
response = httpServ.getresponse()
print response.status, response.reason
httpServ.close()
and corresponding curl request is
curl -iX POST \
-H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
-d '
{
"externalId": "801411",
"name": "RD Core seed data test",
"description": "Tenant for Core team seed data testing",
"subscriptionType": "MINIMAL",
"features": {
"capture": false,
"correspondence": true,
"vault": false
}
}' http://localhost:9100/tenants/
Now I am not able figure out where is the issue in python script.

Try using requests (install with pip install requests) instead of urllib.
Also, enclose your data as JSON in the request body, don't pass them as URL parameters. You are passing JSON data in your curl example as well.
import requests
data = {
"externalId": "801411",
"name": "RD Core",
"description": "Tenant create",
"subscriptionType": "MINIMAL",
"features": {
"capture": False,
"correspondence": True,
"vault": False
}
}
response = requests.post(
url="http://localhost:9100/tenants/",
json=data
)
print response.status_code, response.reason
EDIT
From https://2.python-requests.org/en/master/user/quickstart/#more-complicated-post-requests:
Note, the json parameter is ignored if either data or files is passed.
Using the json parameter in the request will change the Content-Type
in the header to application/json.

The problem in your code is, you set Content-Type header as application/json and not sending data in json format
import httplib, json
httpServ = httplib.HTTPConnection("127.0.0.1", 9100)
httpServ.connect()
headers = {"Content-type": "application/json"}
data = json.dumps({
"externalId": "801411",
"name": "RD Core",
"description": "Tenant create",
"subscriptionType": "MINIMAL",
"features": {
"capture": False,
"correspondence": True,
"vault": False
}
})
# here raw data is in json format
httpServ.request("POST", "/tenants", data, headers)
response = httpServ.getresponse()
print response.status, response.reason
httpServ.close()

How to POST this API code in Python 3 with Requests module? Keep getting 405 error

I want to use the API for a link shortener site. I know the example given is in curl and that -H means there's a header as well as PUT means it's posting, but I can't seem to get the result I want no matter how much I try. All I can do is either get a 405 error or break it.
I am on Windows with Python 3 and do have requests installed already.
For developers Shorte.st prepared API which returns responses in JSON format.
Currently there is one method which can be used to shorten links on behalf of your account.
Take a look on the sample below to learn how to use our API.
curl -H "public-api-token: (my token)" -X PUT -d
"urlToShorten=google.com" https://api.shorte.st/v1/data/url
When received,
{"status":"ok","shortenedUrl":"http:\/\/sh.st\/XXXX"}
I have tried a few things namely,
import requests
import json
gogo = { 'public-api-token: (my token)' : 'urlToShorten=google.com'}
yep = requests.post('https://api.shorte.st/v1/data/url',
data=json.dumps(gogo))
print (yep.text)
shows me an HTML webpage with error 405.
import requests
import json
gogo = { 'public-api-token' : '(my token)', 'urlToShorten=' : 'google.com'}
yep = requests.post('https://api.shorte.st/v1/data/url',
data=json.dumps(gogo))
print (yep.text)
Also shows me a webpage with error 405.
I now know the -H is for headers and am using this while still just gets me the page.
import requests
import json
headers = { 'public-api-token' : '(my token)' }
gogo = {"urlToShorten" : "google.com"}
yep = requests.post('https://api.shorte.st/v1/data/url',
data=json.dumps(gogo), headers=headers)
print (yep.text)
and another attempt another 405
gogo = {"public-api-token: (my token)" : "urlToShorten=google.com"}
yep = requests.post('https://api.shorte.st/v1/data/url',
data=json.dumps(gogo))
print (yep.text)
Even this just gives me a full html page/405 if I take off the text.
headers = { "public-api-token: (my token)" : "urlToShorten=google.com" }
yep = requests.post('https://api.shorte.st/v1/data/url', headers=headers)
print (yep.text)

You are putting your PUT payload in the headers. Put it in the body instead. Your payload is not JSON, so there is no need to try and treat it as such.
The headers need to be specified as a dictionary with the header name and token as key and value. The parameters for the payload can be treated in the same way.
You are also using the wrong requests method; to send a PUT request, use the put function instead:
headers = {'public-api-token': '(my token)'}
payload = {'urlToShorten': 'google.com'}
response = requests.put(
'https://api.shorte.st/v1/data/url',
data=payload, headers=headers)
print(response.json())
The response object has a json() method to decode the JSON data returned by the API; it'll give you the Python data structure corresponding to the JSON text.
I don't have a token for the service you are using; I created a demo using the httpbin.org service; it reflects what was sent as a JSON response:
>>> import requests
>>> headers = {'public-api-token': '(my token)'}
>>> payload = {'urlToShorten': 'google.com'}
>>> response = requests.put(
... 'http://httpbin.org/put',
... data=payload, headers=headers)
>>> from pprint import pprint
>>> pprint(response.json())
{u'args': {},
u'data': u'',
u'files': {},
u'form': {u'urlToShorten': u'google.com'},
u'headers': {u'Accept': u'*/*',
u'Accept-Encoding': u'gzip, deflate',
u'Content-Length': u'23',
u'Content-Type': u'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',
u'Host': u'httpbin.org',
u'Public-Api-Token': u'(my token)',
u'User-Agent': u'python-requests/2.5.0 CPython/2.7.9 Darwin/14.1.0'},
u'json': None,
u'origin': u'94.118.96.0',
u'url': u'http://httpbin.org/put'}
If you compare that to the output produced for curl sending a PUT request to the same URL you'll see the same results are produced:
$ curl -H "public-api-token: (my token)" -X PUT \
-d "urlToShorten=google.com" http://httpbin.org/put
{
"args": {},
"data": "",
"files": {},
"form": {
"urlToShorten": "google.com"
},
"headers": {
"Accept": "*/*",
"Content-Length": "23",
"Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
"Host": "httpbin.org",
"Public-Api-Token": "(my token)",
"User-Agent": "curl/7.37.1"
},
"json": null,
"origin": "94.118.96.0",
"url": "http://httpbin.org/put"
}