Develop Reference

How to count the total amount of list correctly

I am trying to write an accounting book and got struggled with total amount counting, it can be count after the list print out but the number is incorrect. I tried to do it with + to count for total amount, but is not working.
What am I doing wrong?
import os
def read_file(filename):
items = []
with open(filename, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
for line in f:
if 'your product,your price' in line:
continue
#product,price = line.strip().split(',')
#item.append([product, price])
else:
print("list>>> ----v")
return item
def user_input(item):
while True:
product = input("\nitem:")
if product == 'q':
break
price = input("\nprice:")
price = int(price)
item.append([product, price])
return item
def print_file(item):
for price in item:
print(price[0], 'is: ', price[1])
#total amount
count = price[1]
total_count = count + count
num = (f"you spend total {total_count}")
print(num)
def write_file(filename, item):
with open(filename, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
f.write('your product,your price\n')
for price in item:
f.write(price[0] + ':' + str(price[1]) + '\n')
def main():
filename = 'list.text'
if os.path.isfile(filename):
print("File Found")
file = read_file(filename)
else:
print("Wlecome")
item = []
item = user_input(item)
print_file(item)
write_file('list.txt', item)
main()

You made a small naming error when adding the counts, try this:
def print_file(item):
total_count = 0
for price in item:
print(price[0], 'is: ', price[1])
#total amount
count = price[1]
total_count += count
num = (f"you spend total {total_count}")
print(num)

Alternative:
def print_file(item):
total = 0
for price in item:
print(price[0], 'is: ', price[1])
total += price[1]
num = (f"you spend total {total_count}")
print(num)
or simply
def print_file(item):
total = sum([price[1] for price in item])
print(f"you spend total {total}")

How to iterate code and save each output to a list

I'm just learning how to code and I've encountered a problem I can't seem to work around. I've built a strategy for a simple game of chance (similar to the Martingale strategy for those familiar) and I want to run the code n number of times and save the output of each iteration so I can aggregate the results. Note the current 'for' loop is part of my code, I tried using another 'for' loop to run the entire program n times to no avail. Thanks heaps in advance. Apologies if this is a silly question. Here is my code:
import math
import random
import heartrate
heartrate.trace(browser=True)
mult = 1.2
winChance = 0.8250
balance = 259
x = 0
for i in range (0,500):
bet1 = balance/259
balance = balance-bet1
print(balance)
n = random.random()
if n > winChance:
bet2 = (bet1*(1/(mult-1)))+bet1
balance = balance-bet2
n = random.random()
if n > winChance:
bet3 = ((bet1+bet2)*(1/(mult-1)))+bet1
balance = balance-bet3
n = random.random()
if n > winChance:
bet4 = ((bet1+bet2+bet3)*(1/(mult-1)))+bet1
balance = balance-bet4
n = random.random()
if n > winChance:
bet5 = ((bet1+bet2+bet3+bet4)*(1/(mult-1)))+bet1
balance = balance-bet5
print("end")
break
else:
balance = balance = bet4*mult
else:
balance = balance + bet3*mult
else:
balance = balance + bet2*mult
else:
balance = balance + bet1*mult

If I understand the question and code correctly (doubtful), this change would do what you ask for: Running your original code N times (with N = 10):
$ diff -u iterate.py.orig iterate.py
--- iterate.py.orig 2022-03-20 13:02:54.010642003 +0100
+++ iterate.py 2022-03-20 13:17:35.368615800 +0100
## -5,10 +5,12 ##
mult = 1.2
winChance = 0.8250
+end_balances = []
-balance = 259
-x = 0
-for i in range (0,500):
+for _ in range(10):
+ balance = 259
+ x = 0
+ for i in range (0,500):
bet1 = balance/259
balance = balance-bet1
print(balance)
## -35,7 +37,7 ##
break
else:
- balance = balance = bet4*mult
+ balance = balance + bet4*mult
else:
balance = balance + bet3*mult
## -47,3 +49,6 ##
else:
balance = balance + bet1*mult
+ end_balances.append(balance)
+
+print(end_balances)
Here is the full code:
import math
import random
import heartrate
heartrate.trace(browser=True)
mult = 1.2
winChance = 0.8250
end_balances = []
for _ in range(10):
balance = 259
x = 0
for i in range (0,500):
bet1 = balance/259
balance = balance-bet1
print(balance)
n = random.random()
if n > winChance:
bet2 = (bet1*(1/(mult-1)))+bet1
balance = balance-bet2
n = random.random()
if n > winChance:
bet3 = ((bet1+bet2)*(1/(mult-1)))+bet1
balance = balance-bet3
n = random.random()
if n > winChance:
bet4 = ((bet1+bet2+bet3)*(1/(mult-1)))+bet1
balance = balance-bet4
n = random.random()
if n > winChance:
bet5 = ((bet1+bet2+bet3+bet4)*(1/(mult-1)))+bet1
balance = balance-bet5
print("end")
break
else:
balance = balance + bet4*mult
else:
balance = balance + bet3*mult
else:
balance = balance + bet2*mult
else:
balance = balance + bet1*mult
end_balances.append(balance)
print(end_balances)
Note that you normally would extract the inner loop into a separate function.
Edit: Fixed the typo in the innermost else as well.

You can start by creating an empty list such as:
balance_end = []
And then appending the final balance after each iteration (I have fixed the first else which had a typo as well), such as:
else:
balance = balance + bet4*mult
balance_end.append(balance)
else:
balance = balance + bet3*mult
balance_end.append(balance)
else:
balance = balance + bet2*mult
balance_end.append(balance)
else:
balance = balance + bet1*mult
balance_end.append(balance)
Finally, you can safely assume that the balance_end index will match the number of iteration - 1 and the value, is the corresponding value of said iteration.

Here's my attempt to simplify things (to be honest, the code is quite convoluted and difficult to understand):
def bet(win_chance, previous_bets, mult):
if random.random() > win_chance:
this_bet = -1 * ((sum(previous_bets)*(1/(mult-1)))+previous_bets[0])
else:
this_bet = previous_bets[-1]*mult
return this_bet
# initialise variables
mult = 1.2
win_chance = 0.8250
balance = 259
for i in range(500):
previous_bets = []
previous_bets.append(balance/259)
balance -= previous_bets[0]
for i in range(5):
lost = bet(win_chance, previous_bets, mult)
balance += previous_bets[-1]
if not lost:
break
else:
# lost streak after 5 attempts
print('end')
print(balance)

create a list and append balance values to it
import math
import random
import heartrate
heartrate.trace(browser=True)
mult = 1.2
winChance = 0.8250
balance = 259
x = 0
values = list()
for i in range (0,500):
stop = False
bet1 = balance/259
balance = balance-bet1
print(balance)
n = random.random()
if n > winChance:
bet2 = (bet1*(1/(mult-1)))+bet1
balance = balance-bet2
n = random.random()
if n > winChance:
bet3 = ((bet1+bet2)*(1/(mult-1)))+bet1
balance = balance-bet3
n = random.random()
if n > winChance:
bet4 = ((bet1+bet2+bet3)*(1/(mult-1)))+bet1
balance = balance-bet4
n = random.random()
if n > winChance:
bet5 = ((bet1+bet2+bet3+bet4)*(1/(mult-1)))+bet1
balance = balance-bet5
print("end")
stop = True
else:
balance = balance = bet4*mult
else:
balance = balance + bet3*mult
else:
balance = balance + bet2*mult
else:
balance = balance + bet1*mult
values.append(balance)
if stop:
break

Donation system loop where the system will ask again until the fixed target amount is reached

I wrote this code but I don't know how to add all donations for each donor when the loop runs several times.
It should print like this:
Donor 1 has donated £10 in total
Donor 2 has donated £15 in total...
import random
number_of_staff = (random.randint(3,5))
suggested_donation = (random.randint(10, 20))
amount_to_be_raised = number_of_staff * suggested_donation
a = []
def amount():
print('Amount to be raised by team number ______is £', amount_to_be_raised, '.')
print('Number of staff that will contribute is', number_of_staff)
print('Suggested donation is', suggested_donation)
def donation_loop(number_of_staff):
for j in range(number_of_staff):
print('Donor', j + 1)
actual_donation = int(input('Please enter donation £'))
a.append(actual_donation)
global b
b = sum(a)
print('The total sum donated is', b)
def stop():
while b < amount_to_be_raised:
donation_loop(number_of_staff)
else:
pass
amount()
donation_loop(number_of_staff)
stop()

Your code is almost correct, you have several ways to fix it, my favorite one is as follows:
import random
number_of_staff = (random.randint(3,5))
suggested_donation = (random.randint(10, 20))
amount_to_be_raised = number_of_staff * suggested_donation
a = {}
def amount():
print('Amount to be raised by team number ______is £', amount_to_be_raised, '.')
print('Number of staff that will contribute is', number_of_staff)
print('Suggested donation is', suggested_donation)
def donation_loop(number_of_staff):
global total_donations
for j in range(number_of_staff):
print('Donor', j + 1)
actual_donation = int(input('Please enter donation £'))
total_donations += actual_donation
if f'Donor{j + 1}' not in a:
a[f'Donor{j + 1}'] = []
a[f'Donor{j + 1}'].append(actual_donation)
print('The total sum donated is', total_donations)
def stop():
while total_donations < amount_to_be_raised:
donation_loop(number_of_staff)
amount()
total_donations = 0
stop()

updating a return value within a function

The issue i am having is getting the value of a returned item to update from different functions within a main function.
I have tried syntax to see if that changed anything, but I am not sure what needs to happen to get (in this case: the count and total).
I have also tried setting the functions = count, total but that returned an error.
def main():
terminate = False
print("Welcome to the self-checkout system at Wake-Mart.")
count, total = scan_prices()
print('')
disc = discount(count, total)
print('')
promo = promotion(count, total)
balance = total
def scan_prices():
total = 0
count = 0
prices = float(input("Enter the price of the first item:"))
while prices > 0:
count +=1
total = total + prices
print("Number of items:", count, "Total:", total)
prices = float(input("Eneter the price of the next item [or 0 to stop]:"))
while prices < 0:
print("Price cannot be negative.")
prices = float(input("Eneter the price of the next item [or 0 to stop]:"))
if prices > 0:
count +=1
total = total + prices
print("Number of items:", count, "Total:", total)
prices = float(input("Eneter the price of the next item [or 0 to stop]:"))
continue
return count, total
def discount(count, total):
if count >= 10:
print("You've got a 10% discount for buying 10 items or more.")
total = total * .9
print("Number of items:", count, "Total:", total)
return total
def promotion(count, total):
if total >= 50:
card = input(print("Do you want to buy a $50 gift card for $40 [y/n]:"))
if card == 'Y' or 'y':
print("Thank you for buying a giftcard.")
count +=1
total = (total * .9) + 40
print("Number if items:", count, "Total:", total)
else:
print("Thank for your purchases.")
print("Number if items:", count, "Total:", (total * .9))
return count, total
main()
I am just wanting the total and count to be updated as I move from one function execution to the next within the main function.

It looks like your main should take the return of one function and pass it to the next:
def main():
terminate = False
print("Welcome to the self-checkout system at Wake-Mart.")
count, total = scan_prices()
print('')
total = discount(count, total)
print('')
count, total = promotion(count, total)
balance = total

Function not defined, although its been defined... Going Insane

So I am quite new to python and have been working on this assignment for a week now on and off and can't quite get it to run correctly. I am now getting errors that tell me the function get_in_code is not defined although I've defined it. Any help would be greatly appreciated!
SENTINEL = 'XXX'
DAY_CHARGE = 1500.00
#Define get_days
def get_days():
good_data = False
while not good_data:
try:
n_days = int(input("Please enter the number of days you stayed: "))
except ValueError:
print("Error, Bad Data")
else:
if n_days > 0:
good_data = True
else:
print("This is bad data, please re enter data")
return n_days
#define get_cost(p)
def get_cost():
cost = float(input("Please enter the cost for the procedures: "))
while cost < 0:
print("Procedure cost cant be negative: ")
cost = float(input("Please enter the cost for the procedures: "))
return cost
#define med cost
def med_cost():
med_cost = float(input("Enter the cost of your medicine: "))
while med_cost < 0:
print("Medicine cost cant be negative: ")
med_cost = float(input("Enter the cost of your medicine: "))
return med_cost
#Find day cost
def find_day_cost(in_code, n_days):
day_cost = n_days * DAY_CHARGE
if in_code == 'ZH':
p_day_cost = day_cost * 0.20
in_day_cost = day_cost *0.80
elif in_code == 'HH':
p_day_cost = day_cost * 0.10
in_day_cost = day_cost * 0.90
elif in_code == 'CH':
p_day_cost = day_cost * 0.25
in_day_cost = day_cost * 0.75
else:
p_day_cost = day_cost
in_day_cost = 0
return p_day_cost, in_day_cost
#find procedure cost
def find_proc_cost(in_code, cost):
if in_code == 'ZH':
p_proc_cost = 0
in_proc_cost = cost
elif in_code == 'HH':
p_proc_cost = cost * 0.10
in_proc_cost = cost * 0.90
elif in_code == 'CH':
p_proc_cost = cost * 0.50
in_proc_cost = cost * 0.50
else:
p_proc_cost = cost
in_proc_cost = 0
return p_proc_cost, in_proc_cost
#find medicine cost
def find_med_cost(in_code, med_cost):
if in_code == 'ZH':
p_med_cost = 0
in_med_cost = med_cost
elif in_code == 'HH':
p_med_cost = med_cost * 0.10
in_med_cost = med_cost * 0.90
elif in_code == 'CH':
p_med_cost = med_cost * 0.50
in_med_cost = med_cost * 0.50
else:
p_med_cost = med_cost
in_med_cost = 0
return p_med_cost, in_med_cost
#Display pat_info
def display_pat_info(pat_name, in_name):
print("City Hospital - Patient Invoice")
print("Patient Name: ", pat_name)
print("Insurance: ", in_name)
#display day cost
def display_day_cost(p_day_cost, in_day_cost):
print("Patient Day Cost: ", p_day_cost,"\tInsurance Day Cost: ", in_day_cost)
#display procedure cost
def display_proc_cost(p_proc_cost, in_proc_cost):
print("Patient Procedure Cost: ", p_proc_cost, "\tInsurance Procedure Cost: ", in_proc_cost)
#display medicine cost
def display_med_cost(p_med_cost, in_med_cost):
print("Patient Medicine Cost: ", p_med_cost, "\tInsurce Medicine Cost: ", in_med_cost)
#Display totals
def display_totals(total_pat, total_in):
print("Total Billed To Patient: ", total_pat, "\tTotal Billed To Insurance: ", total_in, "\tTotal Bill: ", (total_pat + total_in))
#display day_totals
def display_day_totals(total_zip, total_happy, total_cheap, total_pat):
print("City Hospital - End Of Day Billing Report")
print("Total Dollar Amount Billed Today: ", total_zip+total_happy+total_cheap+total_pat)
print("Total Billed To Zippy Healthcare: ", total_zip)
print("Total Billed To Happy Healthcare: ", total_happy)
print("Total Billed To Cheap Healthcare: ", total_cheap)
print("Total Billed To Uninsured: ", total_pat)
#display day_counts()
def display_day_counts(zip_count, happy_count, cheap_count, no_in_count):
print("The total amount of Zippy Healthcare patients is: ", zip_count)
print("The total amount of Happy Healthcare patients is: ", happy_count)
print("The total amount of Cheap Healthcare patients is: ", cheap_count)
print("The total amount of Uninsured patients is: ", no_in_count)
#def main
def main():
#Counters and accumulators
total_zip= 0.00
total_cheap= 0.00
total_happy= 0.00
total_pat= 0.00
zip_count= 0
cheap_count= 0
happy_count= 0
no_in_count= 0
total_in = 0
#Open file
try:
Pat_File = open('PatientBill.txt', 'w')
except ValueError:
print("*****ERROR***** - Corrupt File")
else:
file_exist = True
#Priming read
pat_name = input("Please enter the patients name: (XXX to stop program)")
#Processing loop
while pat_name != SENTINEL:
#Input data
in_code = get_in_code()
num_days = get_days()
proc_cost = get_cost()
med_cost = med_cost()
#find each cost
pat_day, insure_day = find_day_cost(in_code, num_days)
pat_proc, insure_proc = find_proc_cost(in_code, proc_cost)
pat_med, insure_med = find_med_cost(in_code, med_cost)
#update accumulators and totals
total_pat += pat_day + pat_proc + pat_med
if in_code == 'ZH':
zip_count += 1
total_zip += in_day_cost + in_proc_cost + in_med_cost
in_name = 'Zippy Healthcare'
elif in_code == 'HH':
happy_count += 1
total_happy += in_day_cost + in_proc_cost + in_med_cost
in_name = 'Happy Healthcare'
elif in_code == 'CH':
cheap_count += 1
total_cheap += in_day_cost + in_proc_cost + in_med_cost
in_name = 'Cheap Healthcare'
else:
no_in_count += 1
in_name = 'Uninsured'
total_in = total_zip + total_happy + total_cheap
#displays patients invoice
display_pat_info(pat_name,in_name)
display_day_cost(pat_day, insure_day)
display_proc_cost(pat_proc, insure_proc)
display_med_cost(pat_med, insure_med)
display_totals(pat_day + pat_proc + pat_med, insure_day + insure_proc + insure_med)
#Write output to file
if file_exist:
Pat_File.write(pat_name, pat_day+pat_med+pat_proc )
#Get next patients name
pat_name = input("Please enter the patients name: (XXX to stop program)")
#Close the output file
if file_exist:
Pat_File.close()
#display the accumlators and totals
display_day_totals(total_zip, total_happy, total_cheap, total_pat)
display_day_counts(zip_count,happy_count,cheap_count,no_in_count)
#define get_in_code
def get_in_code():
in_code = input("Please enter one of the insurance codes, ZH, CH, HH, XX")
while in_code not in ('ZH', 'HH', 'CH', 'XX'):
print("***Please enter a proper insurance code***")
in_code = input("Please enter one of the insurance codes, ZH, CH, HH, XX")
return in_code
main()

Python is a interpreted language. You need to define function prior to its usage. Just move a function definitions at the top of a file.
The problem is also with indentation. You're defining your methods inside while, just after a return statement. Actual functions aren't defined at all - interpreter doesn't reach those lines.
Besides, the code is "dirty". Split the code into separate classes/modules. Create well defined areas of responsibility, that would improve the code and it'll be easier to work with it.