Pandas merge column where between dates - python

I have two dataframes - one of calls made to customers and another identifying active service durations by client. Each client can have multiple services, but they will not overlap.
df_calls = pd.DataFrame([['A','2016-02-03',1],['A','2016-05-11',2],['A','2016-10-01',3],['A','2016-11-02',4],
['B','2016-01-10',5],['B','2016-04-25',6]], columns = ['cust_id','call_date','call_id'])
print df_calls
cust_id call_date call_id
0 A 2016-02-03 1
1 A 2016-05-11 2
2 A 2016-10-01 3
3 A 2016-11-02 4
4 B 2016-01-10 5
5 B 2016-04-25 6
and
df_active = pd.DataFrame([['A','2016-01-10','2016-03-15',1],['A','2016-09-10','2016-11-15',2],
['B','2016-01-02','2016-03-17',3]], columns = ['cust_id','service_start','service_end','service_id'])
print df_active
cust_id service_start service_end service_id
0 A 2016-01-10 2016-03-15 1
1 A 2016-09-10 2016-11-15 2
2 B 2016-01-02 2016-03-17 3
I need to find the service_id each calls belongs to, identified by service_start and service_end dates. If a call does not fall between dates, they should remain in the dataset.
Here's what I tried so far:
df_test_output = pd.merge(df_calls,df_active, how = 'left',on = ['cust_id'])
df_test_output = df_test_output[(df_test_output['call_date']>= df_test_output['service_start'])
& (df_test_output['call_date']<= df_test_output['service_end'])].drop(['service_start','service_end'],axis = 1)
print df_test_output
cust_id call_date call_id service_id
0 A 2016-02-03 1 1
5 A 2016-10-01 3 2
7 A 2016-11-02 4 2
8 B 2016-01-10 5 3
This drops all the calls that were not between service dates. Any thoughts on how I can merge on the service_id where it meets the criteria, but retain the remaining records?
The result should look like this:
#do black magic
print df_calls
cust_id call_date call_id service_id
0 A 2016-02-03 1 1.0
1 A 2016-05-11 2 NaN
2 A 2016-10-01 3 2.0
3 A 2016-11-02 4 2.0
4 B 2016-01-10 5 3.0
5 B 2016-04-25 6 NaN

You can use merge with left join:
print (pd.merge(df_calls, df_calls2, how='left'))
cust_id call_date call_id service_id
0 A 2016-02-03 1 1.0
1 A 2016-05-11 2 NaN
2 A 2016-10-01 3 2.0
3 A 2016-11-02 4 2.0
4 B 2016-01-10 5 3.0
5 B 2016-04-25 6 NaN

Related

How to calculate monthly changes in a time series using pandas dataframe

As I am new to Python I am probably asking for something basic for most of you. However, I have a df where 'Date' is the index, another column that is returning the month related to the Date, and one Data column.
Mnth TSData
Date
2012-01-05 1 192.6257
2012-01-12 1 194.2714
2012-01-19 1 192.0086
2012-01-26 1 186.9729
2012-02-02 2 183.7700
2012-02-09 2 178.2343
2012-02-16 2 172.3429
2012-02-23 2 171.7800
2012-03-01 3 169.6300
2012-03-08 3 168.7386
2012-03-15 3 167.1700
2012-03-22 3 165.9543
2012-03-29 3 165.0771
2012-04-05 4 164.6371
2012-04-12 4 164.6500
2012-04-19 4 166.9171
2012-04-26 4 166.4514
2012-05-03 5 166.3657
2012-05-10 5 168.2543
2012-05-17 5 176.8271
2012-05-24 5 179.1971
2012-05-31 5 183.7120
2012-06-07 6 195.1286
I wish to calculate monthly changes in the data set that I can later use in a boxplot. So from the table above the results i seek are:
Mnth Chng
1 -8,9 (183,77 - 192,66)
2 -14,14 (169,63 - 183,77)
3 -5 (164,63 - 169,63)
4 1,73 (166,36 - 164,63)
5 28,77 (195,13 - 166,36)
and so on...
any suggestions?
thanks :)
IIUC, starting from this as df:
Date Mnth TSData
0 2012-01-05 1 192.6257
1 2012-01-12 1 194.2714
2 2012-01-19 1 192.0086
3 2012-01-26 1 186.9729
4 2012-02-02 2 183.7700
...
20 2012-05-24 5 179.1971
21 2012-05-31 5 183.7120
22 2012-06-07 6 195.1286
you can use:
df.groupby('Mnth')['TSData'].first().diff().shift(-1)
# or
# -df.groupby('Mnth')['TSData'].first().diff(-1)
NB. the data must be sorted by date to have the desired date to be used in the computation as the first item of each group (df.sort_values(by=['Mnth', 'Date']))
output:
Mnth
1 -8.8557
2 -14.1400
3 -4.9929
4 1.7286
5 28.7629
6 NaN
Name: TSData, dtype: float64
I'll verify that we have a datetime index:
df.index = pd.to_datetime(df.index)
Then it's simply a matter of using resample:
df['TSData'].resample('M').first().diff().shift(freq='-1M')
Output:
Date
2011-12-31 NaN
2012-01-31 -8.8557
2012-02-29 -14.1400
2012-03-31 -4.9929
2012-04-30 1.7286
2012-05-31 28.7629
Name: TSData, dtype: float64

Pandas DataFrame Change Values Based on Values in Different Rows

I have a DataFrame of store sales for 1115 stores with dates over about 2.5 years. The StateHoliday column is a categorical variable indicating the type of holiday it is. See the piece of the df below. As can be seen, b is the code for Easter. There are other codes for other holidays.
Piece of DF
My objective is to analyze sales before and during a holiday. The way I seek to do this is to change the value of the StateHoliday column to something unique for the few days before a particular holiday. For example, b is the code for Easter, so I could change the value to b- indicating that the day is shortly before Easter. The only way I can think to do this is to go through and manually change these values for certain dates. There aren't THAT many holidays, so it wouldn't be that hard to do. But still very annoying!
Tom, see if this works for you, if not please provide additional information:
In the file I have the following data:
Store,Sales,Date,StateHoliday
1,6729,2013-03-25,0
1,6686,2013-03-26,0
1,6660,2013-03-27,0
1,7285,2013-03-28,0
1,6729,2013-03-29,b
1115,10712,2015-07-01,0
1115,11110,2015-07-02,0
1115,10500,2015-07-03,0
1115,12000,2015-07-04,c
import pandas as pd
fname = r"D:\workspace\projects\misc\data\holiday_sales.csv"
df = pd.read_csv(fname)
df["Date"] = pd.to_datetime(df["Date"])
holidays = df[df["StateHoliday"]!="0"].copy(deep=True) # taking only holidays
dictDate2Holiday = dict(zip(holidays["Date"].tolist(), holidays["StateHoliday"].tolist()))
look_back = 2 # how many days back you want to go
holiday_look_back = []
# building a list of pairs (prev days, holiday code)
for dt, h in dictDate2Holiday.items():
prev = dt
holiday_look_back.append((prev, h))
for i in range(1, look_back+1):
prev = prev - pd.Timedelta(days=1)
holiday_look_back.append((prev, h))
dfHolidayLookBack = pd.DataFrame(holiday_look_back, columns=["Date", "StateHolidayNew"])
df = df.merge(dfHolidayLookBack, how="left", on="Date")
df["StateHolidayNew"].fillna("0", inplace=True)
print(df)
columns StateHolidayNew should have the info you need to start analyzing your data
Assuming you have a dataframe like this:
Store Sales Date StateHoliday
0 2 4205 2016-11-15 0
1 1 684 2016-07-13 0
2 2 8946 2017-04-15 0
3 1 6929 2017-02-02 0
4 2 8296 2017-10-30 b
5 1 8261 2015-10-05 0
6 2 3904 2016-08-22 0
7 1 2613 2017-12-30 0
8 2 1324 2016-08-23 0
9 1 6961 2015-11-11 0
10 2 15 2016-12-06 a
11 1 9107 2016-07-05 0
12 2 1138 2015-03-29 0
13 1 7590 2015-06-24 0
14 2 5172 2017-04-29 0
15 1 660 2016-06-21 0
16 2 2539 2017-04-25 0
What you can do is group the values between the different alphabets which represent the holidays and then groupby to find out the sales according to each group. An improvement to this would be to backfill the numbers before the groups, exp., groups=0.0 would become b_0 which would make it easier to understand the groups and what holiday they represent, but I am not sure how to do that.
df['StateHolidayBool'] = df['StateHoliday'].str.isalpha().fillna(False).replace({False: 0, True: 1})
df = df.assign(group = (df[~df['StateHolidayBool'].between(1,1)].index.to_series().diff() > 1).cumsum())
df = df.assign(groups = np.where(df.group.notna(), df.group, df.StateHoliday)).drop(['StateHolidayBool', 'group'], axis=1)
df[~df['groups'].str.isalpha().fillna(False)].groupby('groups').sum()
Output:
Store Sales
groups
0.0 6 20764
1.0 7 23063
2.0 9 26206
Final DataFrame:
Store Sales Date StateHoliday groups
0 2 4205 2016-11-15 0 0.0
1 1 684 2016-07-13 0 0.0
2 2 8946 2017-04-15 0 0.0
3 1 6929 2017-02-02 0 0.0
4 2 8296 2017-10-30 b b
5 1 8261 2015-10-05 0 1.0
6 2 3904 2016-08-22 0 1.0
7 1 2613 2017-12-30 0 1.0
8 2 1324 2016-08-23 0 1.0
9 1 6961 2015-11-11 0 1.0
10 2 15 2016-12-06 a a
11 1 9107 2016-07-05 0 2.0
12 2 1138 2015-03-29 0 2.0
13 1 7590 2015-06-24 0 2.0
14 2 5172 2017-04-29 0 2.0
15 1 660 2016-06-21 0 2.0
16 2 2539 2017-04-25 0 2.0

Pandas - Times series multiple slices of a dataframe groupby Id

What I have:
A dataframe, df consists of 3 columns (Id, Item and Timestamp). Each subject has unique Id with recorded Item on a particular date and time (Timestamp). The second dataframe, df_ref consists of date time range reference for slicing the df, the Start and the End for each subject, Id.
df:
Id Item Timestamp
0 1 aaa 2011-03-15 14:21:00
1 1 raa 2012-05-03 04:34:01
2 1 baa 2013-05-08 22:21:29
3 1 boo 2015-12-24 21:53:41
4 1 afr 2016-04-14 12:28:26
5 1 aud 2017-05-10 11:58:02
6 2 boo 2004-06-22 22:20:58
7 2 aaa 2005-11-16 07:00:00
8 2 ige 2006-06-28 17:09:18
9 2 baa 2008-05-22 21:28:00
10 2 boo 2017-06-08 23:31:06
11 3 ige 2011-06-30 13:14:21
12 3 afr 2013-06-11 01:38:48
13 3 gui 2013-06-21 23:14:26
14 3 loo 2014-06-10 15:15:42
15 3 boo 2015-01-23 02:08:35
16 3 afr 2015-04-15 00:15:23
17 3 aaa 2016-02-16 10:26:03
18 3 aaa 2016-06-10 01:11:15
19 3 ige 2016-07-18 11:41:18
20 3 boo 2016-12-06 19:14:00
21 4 gui 2016-01-05 09:19:50
22 4 aaa 2016-12-09 14:49:50
23 4 ige 2016-11-01 08:23:18
df_ref:
Id Start End
0 1 2013-03-12 00:00:00 2016-05-30 15:20:36
1 2 2005-06-05 08:51:22 2007-02-24 00:00:00
2 3 2011-05-14 10:11:28 2013-12-31 17:04:55
3 3 2015-03-29 12:18:31 2016-07-26 00:00:00
What I want:
Slice the df dataframe based on the data time range given for each Id (groupby Id) in df_ref and concatenate the sliced data into new dataframe. However, a subject could have more than one date time range (in this example Id=3 has 2 date time range).
df_expected:
Id Item Timestamp
0 1 baa 2013-05-08 22:21:29
1 1 boo 2015-12-24 21:53:41
2 1 afr 2016-04-14 12:28:26
3 2 aaa 2005-11-16 07:00:00
4 2 ige 2006-06-28 17:09:18
5 3 ige 2011-06-30 13:14:21
6 3 afr 2013-06-11 01:38:48
7 3 gui 2013-06-21 23:14:26
8 3 afr 2015-04-15 00:15:23
9 3 aaa 2016-02-16 10:26:03
10 3 aaa 2016-06-10 01:11:15
11 3 ige 2016-07-18 11:41:18
What I have done so far:
I referred to this post (Time series multiple slice) while doing my code. I modify the code since it does not have the groupby element which I need.
My code:
from datetime import datetime
df['Timestamp'] = pd.to_datetime(df.Timestamp, format='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M')
x = pd.DataFrame()
for pid in def_ref.Id.unique():
selection = df[(df['Id']== pid) & (df['Timestamp']>= def_ref['Start']) & (df['Timestamp']<= def_ref['End'])]
x = x.append(selection)
Above code give error:
ValueError: Can only compare identically-labeled Series objects
First use merge with default inner join, also it create all combinations for duplicated Id. Then filter by between and DataFrame.loc for filtering by conditions and by df1.columns in one step:
df1 = df.merge(df_ref, on='Id')
df2 = df1.loc[df1['Timestamp'].between(df1['Start'], df1['End']), df.columns]
print (df2)
Id Item Timestamp
2 1 baa 2013-05-08 22:21:29
3 1 boo 2015-12-24 21:53:41
4 1 afr 2016-04-14 12:28:26
7 2 aaa 2005-11-16 07:00:00
8 2 ige 2006-06-28 17:09:18
11 3 ige 2011-06-30 13:14:21
13 3 afr 2013-06-11 01:38:48
15 3 gui 2013-06-21 23:14:26
22 3 afr 2015-04-15 00:15:23
24 3 aaa 2016-02-16 10:26:03
26 3 aaa 2016-06-10 01:11:15
28 3 ige 2016-07-18 11:41:18

Calculate average of every 7 instances in a dataframe column

I have this pandas dataframe with daily asset prices:
Picture of head of Dataframe
I would like to create a pandas series (It could also be an additional column in the dataframe or some other datastructure) with the weakly average asset prices. This means I need to calculate the average on every 7 consecutive instances in the column and save it into a series.
Picture of how result should look like
As I am a complete newbie to python (and programming in general, for that matter), I really have no idea how to start.
I am very grateful for every tipp!
I believe need GroupBy.transform by modulo of numpy array create by numpy.arange for general solution also working with all indexes (e.g. with DatetimeIndex):
np.random.seed(2018)
rng = pd.date_range('2018-04-19', periods=20)
df = pd.DataFrame({'Date': rng[::-1],
'ClosingPrice': np.random.randint(4, size=20)})
#print (df)
df['weekly'] = df['ClosingPrice'].groupby(np.arange(len(df)) // 7).transform('mean')
print (df)
ClosingPrice Date weekly
0 2 2018-05-08 1.142857
1 2 2018-05-07 1.142857
2 2 2018-05-06 1.142857
3 1 2018-05-05 1.142857
4 1 2018-05-04 1.142857
5 0 2018-05-03 1.142857
6 0 2018-05-02 1.142857
7 2 2018-05-01 2.285714
8 1 2018-04-30 2.285714
9 1 2018-04-29 2.285714
10 3 2018-04-28 2.285714
11 3 2018-04-27 2.285714
12 3 2018-04-26 2.285714
13 3 2018-04-25 2.285714
14 1 2018-04-24 1.666667
15 0 2018-04-23 1.666667
16 3 2018-04-22 1.666667
17 2 2018-04-21 1.666667
18 2 2018-04-20 1.666667
19 2 2018-04-19 1.666667
Detail:
print (np.arange(len(df)) // 7)
[0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2]

Grouping by date range with pandas

I am looking to group by two columns: user_id and date; however, if the dates are close enough, I want to be able to consider the two entries part of the same group and group accordingly. Date is m-d-y
user_id date val
1 1-1-17 1
2 1-1-17 1
3 1-1-17 1
1 1-1-17 1
1 1-2-17 1
2 1-2-17 1
2 1-10-17 1
3 2-1-17 1
The grouping would group by user_id and dates +/- 3 days from each other. so the group by summing val would look like:
user_id date sum(val)
1 1-2-17 3
2 1-2-17 2
2 1-10-17 1
3 1-1-17 1
3 2-1-17 1
Any way someone could think of that this could be done (somewhat) easily? I know there are some problematic aspects of this. for example, what to do if the dates string together endlessly with three days apart. but the exact data im using only has 2 values per person..
Thanks!
I'd convert this to a datetime column and then use pd.TimeGrouper:
dates = pd.to_datetime(df.date, format='%m-%d-%y')
print(dates)
0 2017-01-01
1 2017-01-01
2 2017-01-01
3 2017-01-01
4 2017-01-02
5 2017-01-02
6 2017-01-10
7 2017-02-01
Name: date, dtype: datetime64[ns]
df = (df.assign(date=dates).set_index('date')
.groupby(['user_id', pd.TimeGrouper('3D')])
.sum()
.reset_index())
print(df)
user_id date val
0 1 2017-01-01 3
1 2 2017-01-01 2
2 2 2017-01-10 1
3 3 2017-01-01 1
4 3 2017-01-31 1
Similar solution using pd.Grouper:
df = (df.assign(date=dates)
.groupby(['user_id', pd.Grouper(key='date', freq='3D')])
.sum()
.reset_index())
print(df)
user_id date val
0 1 2017-01-01 3
1 2 2017-01-01 2
2 2 2017-01-10 1
3 3 2017-01-01 1
4 3 2017-01-31 1
Update: TimeGrouper will be deprecated in future versions of pandas, so Grouper would be preferred in this scenario (thanks for the heads up, Vaishali!).
I come with a very ugly solution but still work...
df=df.sort_values(['user_id','date'])
df['Key']=df.sort_values(['user_id','date']).groupby('user_id')['date'].diff().dt.days.lt(3).ne(True).cumsum()
df.groupby(['user_id','Key'],as_index=False).agg({'val':'sum','date':'first'})
Out[586]:
user_id Key val date
0 1 1 3 2017-01-01
1 2 2 2 2017-01-01
2 2 3 1 2017-01-10
3 3 4 1 2017-01-01
4 3 5 1 2017-02-01

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